Caerphilly Observer
Member Sign in Manage Membership
Become a Member - no ads
Menu
  • News
    • Senedd
    • Business
    • Newport
    • Opinion
  • Sport
    • Rugby union
    • Football
  • Membership & Subscriptions
  • Notices
  • Advertise
  • About
  • Sponsored Content
Menu

What is the crown estate and should it be devolved to Wales?

News, Opinion | Stephen Clear - Bangor University | Published: 09:00, Tuesday August 13th, 2024.
Last updated: 16:11, Wednesday August 14th, 2024

Support quality, independent, local journalism…that matters

From just £1 a month you can help fund our work – and use our website without adverts. Become a member today

Those in favour of devolving the crown estate argue Wales should benefit directly from the profits of renewable energy, given its role in initiatives like offshore wind

By Stephen Clear, Bangor University

Since the general election, there has been much speculation as to what the new UK Labour government may mean for Wales, given the same party is now in charge in both Cardiff and London.

Among these debates is the question of whether Westminster will devolve the crown estate. This is a collection of property, rights and interest, owned by his majesty “in right of the crown”. This should not be confused with the crown estate working for the king. Instead, it means that, while the monarch is the legal owner, it is not the king’s private property and cannot be sold by the monarch. Revenues from the estate do not belong to the king, they go to the Treasury.

Devolving the crown estate would bring Wales into line with Scotland. Welsh Labour has consistently claimed it has a firm commitment to devolving it. But the new UK government recently confirmed it has not had discussions with the Welsh government about devolving the crown estate to Wales.

The estate’s assets are managed by commissioners and boards under the Crown Estate Act 1961. It is a unique business with a history dating back to 1760. That’s when George III surrendered crown lands to parliament for an annual payment, with the estate’s profits later going to the Treasury. Since 2011, the estate’s profit has also been used by the UK government to set the funding for the monarch, under the Sovereign Grant Act.

Broadly speaking, the crown estate prioritises environmental projects. This includes cumulative offshore wind projects with capacity to generate enough clean energy to generate around 11.8GW. The estate has also committed £10 million for the planting of 1,000 acres of new woodland and 200 miles of hedgerows.

In the 2023/24 financial year, the estate announced a record £1.1 billion net revenue profit. This is £658.1 million higher than the previous year, with the uplift mostly attributable to offshore wind leasing.

The crown estate in Scotland

Management of the crown estate was devolved to Scotland in 2017, which means that the revenue is returned to Edinburgh rather than Westminster. The estate includes the leasing of the seabed up to 12 nautical miles from the coast, 37,000 hectares of rural land, rights to the majority of naturally occurring gold and silver, and around half of Scotland’s foreshore. This includes 5,800 licensed moorings, 750 aquaculture sites and rights to salmon fishing.

According to its latest annual report at the end of 2023, the Scottish crown estate had generated £103.6 million for the Scottish government’s purse. The value of the Scottish estate also rose from £568.2 million to £653.1 million in the last year through its various initiatives and investments.

As a public corporation, the estate in Scotland is accountable to Scottish government ministers and the Scottish parliament. Crucially, the Scottish Crown Estate Act 2019 provides that the estate must act in a way that is likely to further sustainable development in Scotland as well as contribute to the promotion, or the improvement of regeneration, social wellbeing and economic wellbeing.

In respect of Wales, it is estimated that the estate owns 65% of the nation’s foreshore and riverbeds, and more than 50,000 acres of land.

Various campaign groups and politicians have called for the devolution of the crown estate for several years, so that Wales is put on par with Scotland. In early 2022, a petition was launched calling for it to be devolved. At the time, the then-Conservative secretary of state for Wales, Simon Hart, told parliament that there was no “public interest or appetite” for reform, and added that it was a case of “if it ain’t broke, don’t fix it”.

In 2023, a YouGov poll found that a majority of Welsh people supported devolving the estate to Wales. And in January this year, a campaign was launched by Plaid Cymru MP Liz Saville Roberts, then-Labour MP Beth Winter and the Welsh housing justice charter, Siarter Cartrefi, to focus on this issue. It was endorsed by actor and activist Michael Sheen.

The campaign argues that Wales should benefit directly from the profits of renewable energy, given its role in initiatives like offshore wind. It argues that this money could be used to address the poverty and inequality in communities across Wales.

Actor Michael Sheen is one celebrity campaigning to secure the devolution of the crown estate to Wales

Given Welsh Labour’s policy commitment, and the change in UK government, one may have expected the two to be moving closer to serious conversations surrounding the future of a crown estate in Wales. Yet, Labour’s new financial secretary to the Treasury in Westminster, Lord Livermore, said at the end of July: “Introducing a new entity would fragment the market, complicate existing processes, and likely delay further development offshore, undermining investment in Welsh waters.”

For decades, devolution in Wales has trailed behind Scotland in respect of the delegated responsibility the nation enjoys. And crown estate devolution appears to be on the back burner for now, possibly partly fuelled by the UK’s present financial situation. It will be interesting to see whether there is any push back from Welsh Labour.

However, considering the work of the estate in Scotland, it is difficult to see why Wales should not be afforded the same opportunities, particularly at a time when the crown estate is announcing record net profits, and economic inequality continues in Wales.

Stephen Clear, Lecturer in Constitutional and Administrative Law, and Public Procurement, Bangor University

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.


Sign-up to our daily newsletter


Support quality, independent, local journalism…that matters

From just £1 a month you can help fund our work – and use our website without adverts.

Become a member today

LDRS

Latest News

  • 1,500 runners expected to take part in Castle 2 Castle run for VelindreTuesday, September 9, 2025
  • The entrance to Dyffryn Business Park
    Council reveals location for new waste depot as part of push to improve recycling ratesTuesday, September 9, 2025
  • Ten libraries are at risk of closure
    Court orders council to keep at-risk libraries open while legal challenge is heardTuesday, September 9, 2025
  • Who is Richard Tunnicliffe? Labour’s candidate for the Caerphilly Senedd by-electionMonday, September 8, 2025
  • Gerwyn Price is through to the second round of the World Matchplay
    Price reaches quarter-finals as he returns from hand injuryMonday, September 8, 2025
  • Geraint Thomas is given a guard of honour on what was his final professional race before retirement
    How the final stage of the Tour of Britain unfolded as Caerphilly crowds cheered on cyclistsMonday, September 8, 2025

Find out how the communities of Caerphilly County Borough get their names

Caerphilly

Legal & Public Notices

  • Caerphilly County Borough Council public noticesThursday, September 4, 2025
  • Notice of application for a variation of a premises licence: St Cenydd Road, TrecenyddTuesday, September 2, 2025
  • Notice of application for a variation of a premises licence: Heol Aneurin, PenyrheolTuesday, September 2, 2025
  • Notice of application for a premises licence: Tredegar Street, RiscaSaturday, August 16, 2025
© 2009-2024 Caerphilly Media Ltd, Caerphilly Miners Centre for the Community Watford Road Caerphilly, CF83 1BJ. Incorporated in Wales No. 07604006.