Fortnightly rubbish collections will start on Monday throughout the county borough.
Caerphilly County Borough Council has said it has reduced the weekly collection to help encourage people to recycle.
The usual weekly recycling collection will remain.
Residents now have to put recyclable waste in the brown bins and a new food waste collection will also begin.
Special containers are being distributed across the county borough for residents to put food waste in to be taken for composting.
Councillr Lyn Ackerman, cabinet member for the environment, said: “These two important changes will have a big impact on our recycling rates.
“We have been set tough targets by the Welsh Assembly Government and we need to take positive steps to increase the amount of waste we recycle, otherwise we face tough financial penalties in the future.
“We are very grateful for the co-operation of local people in making our recycling schemes such a big success to date and we would urge everyone to continue with their efforts and help make Caerphilly one of the leading green authorities in Wales.”